Grain Literature Sharing Talking about the risk analysis and control of limited space operations in grain and oil storage and logistics enterprises-1 Powered by: www.immy.cn www.immyhitech.com

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Talking about the risk analysis and control of limited space operations in grain and oil storage and logistics enterprises-1

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Starting from the definition of limited space, this paper analyzes and discusses the classification of limited space in grain and oil storage and logistics enterprises, the identification of dangerous and harmful factors in the limited space operation of grain warehouses, and puts forward the effective control of potential safety hazards in limited space and the construction of safety protection system.

In most cases, the production operations of grain and oil storage and logistics enterprises are carried out in a limited closed or semi-closed space. Due to the limitations of the working environment, there are dangerous and harmful factors such as poisoning, suffocation, explosion, collapse and burial, which have a greater probability of producing safety risk sources and accident hazards. In view of this, doing a good job in the risk management and control of confined space operations can effectively prevent and control the probability of production safety accidents in confined space operations, and ensure the life and health of operators and the safety of enterprise property.

1 Definition, characteristics and classification of confined space

1.1 Definition of confined space

The definition of limited space in Order No. 59 and Amendment Order No. 80 of the State Administration of Work Safety ——— the Interim Provisions on the Safety Management and Supervision of Limited Space Operations of Industry and Trade Enterprises is: "The limited space referred to in these regulations refers to the space that is closed or partially enclosed, relatively isolated from the outside world, with relatively narrow entrances and exits, and operators cannot work in it for a long time, and natural ventilation is poor, which is easy to cause the accumulation of toxic, harmful, flammable and explosive substances or insufficient oxygen content."

Therefore, any place with sufficient space for workers to enter and carry out the assigned work, limited access to the site and evacuation, and a workspace that is not designed for workers to be in it for a long period of time can be considered a limited space.

1.2 Classification of confined space

According to the "Reference Catalogue of Limited Space of Industry and Trade Enterprises", the limited space involved in the limited space of grain and oil storage and logistics enterprises in the business and trade industry includes equipment and facilities such as storage tanks and grain depots (warehouses). Combined with the actual situation of grain and oil storage and logistics enterprises, the limited space of the industry can be divided into the following three categories:

• closed and semi-closed equipment: oil storage tanks, boilers (smoke exhaust pipes), drying towers, fire water towers (water tanks), etc.;

• underground limited space: underground warehouses, grain unloading pits, underground corridors, etc.;

(3) limited space on the ground: above-ground corridors, vertical silos, shallow round silos, tall bungalow warehouses after grain loading, drug warehouses, etc.

2, Coverage of dangerous and harmful factors in grain and oil storage and logistics enterprises

2.1 Hazards unique to confined space

In recent years, China's grain and oil storage enterprises have built new vertical silos, shallow round silos, underground silos, tall bungalow warehouses and other forms of warehouses, in terms of air tightness, etc., compared with the past.

According to the definition of limited space in the Interim Provisions on the Safety Management and Supervision of Confined Space Operations of Industry and Trade Enterprises, these granaries have dangerous and harmful characteristics consistent with the confined space. Therefore, it often has a variety of dangerous and harmful factors, in addition to the common dangerous and harmful factors, these dangerous and harmful factors unique to the operation of limited space mainly include the following:

• there may be toxic and harmful media in the limited space,

• there may be flammable gases in the limited space,

• the limited space may be anoxic environment,

• the tall grain pile may have hanging (pasting) walls, arching and "stuffy roof" phenomenon. If any of these dangerous and harmful factors are not prevented and controlled, during the operation, it may cause more serious safety production accidents.

2.2 Manifestations of dangerous and harmful factors in confined space

Due to the limitations of the environment, the operation of the limited space determines that there are potential safety hazards in the operation of the limited space. Although its entrance and exit are relatively narrow, it does not affect the entry and exit of relevant operators, but when there is an accident, it will have a certain impact on the on-site rescue work. In grain and oil storage and logistics enterprises, the dangerous and harmful factors are manifested in the following aspects:

(1) Closed and semi-closed equipment: the main risk factors in oil storage tanks, boilers (smoke exhaust pipes), drying towers, and fire water towers (water tanks) may include: hypoxia, carbon monoxide poisoning, falling, etc.

(2) Underground limited space: (1) The main risk factors of underground warehouses may include: hypoxia, high carbon dioxide concentration, carbon monoxide poisoning, phosphine poisoning, etc.; (2) The main risk factors of grain unloading pits and underground corridors may include: dust explosion, falling, drowning, etc.

(3) Limited space on the ground: (1) The main dangerous and harmful factors of the above-ground corridor are: dust explosion, falling, etc.; (2) The main dangerous and harmful factors of vertical silos and shallow round silos are hypoxia, high carbon dioxide concentration, carbon monoxide poisoning, phosphine poisoning, falling, dust explosion, collapse and burial, etc.; (3) The main dangerous and harmful factors of the tall bungalow warehouse after grain loading are: lack of oxygen, excessive carbon dioxide concentration, phosphine poisoning; (4) The main dangerous and harmful factors of the drug warehouse are: phosphine poisoning, etc.

3, The type of hazard that confined space operations risk

Confined space operations are also known as confined space operations and confined space operations. In the operation of the limited space of grain and oil storage enterprises, there are mainly types of hazards such as poisoning, hypoxia, explosion and collapse of grain piles. In the process of inspecting the grain situation, taking samples, cleaning and hygiene, putting fumigation drugs and dispersed gas, cleaning of drug residues, sorting out the shape of the grain pile, sealing the holes of doors and windows, entering and leaving the grain in and out of the warehouse, and removing the grain hanging on the wall and the arched grain, the limited space operation environment is relatively complex at this time, most of the space is relatively narrow, the ventilation is poor, it is easy to cause the accumulation of flammable and explosive, toxic and harmful gases, and there may also be the danger of hypoxia and the uncontrollable changes in the appearance and form of the grain pile.

If the preventive measures are not in place, it is very likely that fire, explosion, poisoning, suffocation, electric shock, mechanical injury, object impact, collapse, burial and other accidents will occur. Moreover, under certain environmental conditions, the above-mentioned risks may coexist, and these risks often have strong concealment and suddenness, and once an accident occurs, blind rescue or improper rescue will cause the expansion of casualties.

4. Grain and oil storage enterprises have limited spaceIdentification of risk points and hazards